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Afterimage negative and OFF cells

many metaphors were used to compare the physiological and functional system of psychological processes. Such as memory, attention, vision, hearing, ...

I want to focus on the vision and a phenomenon that we can experience all that are able to see.

Let us first briefly describing the physiology of vision in terms of uptake of the beam.

Light consists of waves elecromagnéticas, and as good waves enter the eye through the cornea, through the pupil and lens.
Once they reach the retina (back of the eye) are upholstered with a background of rods and cones that begin to transduce the energy of waves into nerve impulses.
Within the rods and cones (on the outside) are composed of millions of records of membrane, which in turn are composed of millions of photosensitive pigments. Within which there is bleaching of the pigments causing potential action.
This potential will change the rate at which is released neurotransmitter (messenger called glutamate).

But the phenomenon described is a bit more complex, and it has to do with the cell ON / OFF. Which are responsible for us to see black circles from the white stripes of this image.

Indeed, does it appear to be an optical illusion? Is this physical illusion? Physiologically and in my opinion in all other respects, it is an optical illusion, and that physics takes place before the light enters the eye. Which does not occur because cells are ON / OFF to change or modify the action potential in the presence of light. Its function is simple: we can distinguish edges and contours.

talk about the work of Schiller and Malpeli (1977) who studied the rebound effect that occurs when light is switched off again.

1) "The neurons whose discharge was inhibited by the presence of light will have a brief increase in discharge when off ".

2)" In contrast, neurons that increase their discharge light show a brief period of inhibition when the light goes out. "

Neil R. Carlson, Physiology of behavior , Chapter 6: Vision, 188

For this curious phenomenon, almost daily We are experiencing the point 1, since closing his eyes after seeing an outbreak a light source or an image with sufficient lighting to make it a negative in our eyelids (metaphorically speaking) we can see for a few seconds.

This is, in my opinion, the potential discharge cells emit OFF to turn off the light bulb which had previously weighed on the center of the receptive area of \u200b\u200bthe cell.

A had to spend just one day to associate this to an everyday phenomenon studied and their own names. It is, in this case, the negative afterimage, which is the image that looks after part of the retina is exposed to an intense visual stimulation, they are complementary colors of those who were in the physical stimuli (negative image). could retract all of the above, but I think there is a relationship between the two events: the negative afterimage and increased discharge rate of OFF cells to turn off the visual stimulus.